Irish Patterns
Everyone knows about Celtic knots (and aren't they gorgeous?), and Ireland played a huge role in the development of the intricate patterns. One of the most famous examples of Irish art is the Book of Kells, an illustrated Gospel book from approximately the year 800 and a compilation of some of the most intricate art to grace Christianity. It's well worth a Google search for a few glimpses of the manuscript!
We can't all begin with such complex patterns, though, and I highly recommend these basic knotwork patterns and the (very small) book Celtic Pattern by Adam Tetlow for those interested in learning the groundwork of these knots. It's worth it!